SURGICAL OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING: ASSOCIATIONS WITH CARDIAC FUNCTION AND POSTOPERATIVE RECOVERY
Keywords:
Coronary artery bypass grafting, cardiac function, left ventricular ejection fraction, surgical outcomes, postoperative recovery, postoperative complications, hospital stay, Pakistan.Abstract
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is an important
surgical intervention for patients with coronary artery disease, particularly
those experiencing impaired cardiac function. This study aimed to evaluate
surgical outcomes among patients undergoing CABG and determine the associations
between cardiac function and postoperative recovery. A prospective
observational study was conducted at a selected tertiary-care hospital in
Pakistan from March to August 2026. A total of 150 patients undergoing CABG were
recruited using consecutive sampling. Data were collected from medical records,
perioperative observations, echocardiographic assessments, and postoperative
follow-up. Cardiac function was evaluated using left ventricular ejection
fraction (LVEF) and other relevant echocardiographic parameters, while
postoperative recovery was assessed through intensive care unit (ICU) stay,
hospital stay, postoperative complications, functional recovery, and overall
clinical progress. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired
comparisons, correlation analysis, and appropriate statistical tests to examine
associations between cardiac function and postoperative outcomes. The findings
demonstrated significant improvement in postoperative cardiac function compared
with preoperative measurements. Better cardiac function was associated with
shorter hospital stays, while cardiac function was also significantly
associated with postoperative complications. The study highlights the
importance of cardiac function assessment in evaluating surgical outcomes and
identifying patients who may require enhanced postoperative monitoring. These
findings may support improved clinical decision-making, individualized
postoperative management, and more effective recovery planning. Further multicentre
studies with larger samples and longer follow-up periods are recommended to
validate these findings and investigate long-term outcomes following CABG.
